Biometric access control systems – the components

In our previous article we have learned what exactly a biometric access control system is. In this article we will explore the make-up of a typical system. A biometric access control system typically consists of several key components that work together to provide secure and reliable authentication. These components may vary depending on the specific implementation and requirements of the system. Most systems needs reader or input hardware, a device to host the database with pre-recorded or captured data like fingerprints, photograph, iris-patterns or voice recordings for identification, authentication devices and more. Read on to discover the typical composition of a biometric access control system.

The choice of biometric modality (e.g., fingerprint, facial recognition) and the scale and complexity of the access control system will influence the specific components and configuration needed. Additionally, security considerations, user requirements, and budget constraints will also play a role in designing and implementing a biometric access control system.

At B & L Services our technicians are trained in the latest cutting edge technology and are ready to advise and install a biometric system for you.

Typical biometric system composition

Biometric Sensors/Readers:

These are the devices that capture biometric data from individuals, such as fingerprints, palm prints, facial features, iris patterns, or voice samples. Biometric readers can be standalone devices or integrated into access control terminals.

Biometric Database:

This is where the biometric templates or reference data of authorised users are stored. Each user’s biometric information is securely stored in the database for comparison during the authentication process.

Access Control Panel/Controller:

The access control panel or controller is the central processing unit of the system. It manages the communication between the biometric readers and the database and makes access decisions based on biometric matches.

User Enrollment System:

To add new users to the system, you need a user enrolment system. During enrolment, the individual’s biometric data is captured and stored in the database, along with other relevant information (e.g., user ID, access privileges).

Authentication Software:

This software is responsible for comparing the biometric data captured during the authentication process with the data stored in the database. It determines whether a match is found and grants or denies access accordingly.

User Interface:

The user interface can be a computer monitor, touchscreen, or mobile app used by administrators to manage the system, enroll users, and configure access control settings.

Access Control Devices:

These include physical barriers like turnstiles, electronic locks, or gates. The access control panel communicates with these devices to grant or deny access based on the authentication result.

Backup and Redundancy Systems:

To ensure system reliability, backup power supplies (e.g., uninterruptible power supplies or backup generators) and redundant components may be included to prevent downtime due to power failures or equipment malfunctions.

Logging and Reporting:

The system should log all access events, including successful and failed attempts. Reporting capabilities are essential for security auditing and compliance purposes.

Integration Options:

Some biometric access control systems can integrate with other security systems, such as video surveillance, alarm systems, and visitor management systems, to enhance overall security.

Remote Management:

Many modern systems offer remote management capabilities, allowing administrators to monitor and control access from a central location or via the internet.

Compliance and Privacy Measures:

Depending on the application and location, compliance with data privacy laws and regulations (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA) may require additional features for data protection and user consent management.

Training and Support:

Adequate training and ongoing technical support are essential to ensure the system operates effectively and to troubleshoot any issues that may arise.

Biometric systems also needs to be included in your security maintenance plan. Once a year, during a regular security system maintenance visit, the biometric system will be checked for outdated software and the hardware evaluated for wear-and-tear. Any components are typically replaced and software updated.